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Diseases of crustaceans

Viral diseases—Infectious hypodermal and haematopoietic necrosis

CLICK ON IMAGE TO ENLARGE infectious hypodermal and haematopoietic necrosis

Infectious hypodermal and haematopoietic necrosis in juvenile blue shrimp (Penaeus stylirostrus). Note white to buff lesions under shell (arrows)

Source: DV Lightner

CLICK ON IMAGE TO ENLARGE
infectious hypodermal and haematopoietic necrosis

IHHN in juvenile blue shrimp. Note classic rostrum deformation

Source: DV Lightner

CLICK ON IMAGE TO ENLARGE
infectious hypodermal and haematopoietic necrosis

IHHN in juvenile blue shrimp. Note deformed tail fan and sixth abdominal segment

Source: DV Lightner

Signs of disease

Important: animals with disease may show one or more of the signs below, but disease may still be present in the absence of any signs.

Disease signs at the tank and pond level
Clinical signs of disease in an infected animal

Disease agent

Infectious hypodermal and haematopoietic necrosis (IHHN), or runt-deformity syndrome, is caused by a parvovirus.

Host range

Crustaceans known to be susceptible to IHHN:
blue shrimp* (Penaeus stylirostris)
giant black tiger prawn* (Penaeus monodon)
grooved tiger prawn* (Penaeus semisulcatus)
Kuruma prawn* (Penaeus japonicus)
Pacific white shrimp* (Penaeus vannamei)
southern white shrimp* (Penaeus schmitti)
western white shrimp* (Penaeus occidentalis)
yellow-leg shrimp* (Penaeus californiensis)
Chinese white shrimp (Penaeus chinensis)
Gulf banana prawn (Penaeus merguiensis)
Indian banana prawn (Penaeus indicus)
northern brown shrimp (Penaeus aztecus)
northern pink shrimp (Penaeus duorarum)
northern white shrimp (Penaeus setiferus)

* naturally susceptible (other species have been shown to be experimentally susceptible)

Presence in Asia–Pacific

map of presence in Australia

IHHN virus has been officially reported from Australia, Burma (Myanmar), Indonesia, Iran, Malaysia, Thailand and Vietnam.

Epidemiology

Differential diagnosis

The differential diagnostic table and the list of similar diseases appearing at the bottom of each disease page refer only to the diseases covered by this field guide. Gross signs observed might well be representative of a wider range of diseases not included here. Therefore, these diagnostic aids should not be read as a guide to a definitive diagnosis, but rather as a tool to help identify the listed diseases that most closely account for the gross signs.

Similar diseases

White spot disease, yellowhead disease

Further images

Sample collection

Because of uncertainty in differentiating diseases using only gross signs, and because some aquatic animal disease agents might pose a risk to humans, you should not try to collect samples unless you have been trained. Instead, you should phone your national hotline number and report your observations. If samples have to be collected, the agency taking the call will advise you on what you need to do. Local or district fisheries/veterinary authorities could advise you on sampling.

Emergency disease hotline

For your national emergency disease hotline number, see Whom to contact if you suspect a disease.

Further reading

http://www.oie.int/aac/eng/cards/en_diseasecard.htm

The currently accepted procedures for a conclusive diagnosis of IHHN are summarised at http://www.oie.int/eng/normes/fmanual/A_00053.htm

These hyperlinks were correct and functioning at the time of publication. infectious hypodermal and haematopoietic necrosis infectious hypodermal and haematopoietic necrosis infectious hypodermal and haematopoietic necrosis infectious hypodermal and haematopoietic necrosis infectious hypodermal and haematopoietic necrosis infectious hypodermal and haematopoietic necrosis


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